It’s good to see that this is finally addressed. It’s been a well known broken part of the language semantics for years.

There are similar hidden quirks in the language that will need to be addressed at some point, such as integer promotion semantics.

To address the question about stability: the Zig community are already used to Zig breaking between 0.x versions. Unlike competitors such as Odin or my own C3, there is no expectation that Zig is trying to minimize upgrading problems.

This is a cultural thing, it would be no real problem to be clear about deprecations, but in the Zig community it’s simply not valued. In fact it’s a source of pride to be able to adapt as fast as possible to the new changes.

I like to talk about expectation management, and this is a great example of it.

In discussions, it is often falsely argued that ”Zig is not 1.0 so breaks are expected” in order to motivate the frequent breaks. However, there are degrees to how you handle breaks, and Zig is clearly in the ”we don’t care to reduce the work”-camp.

If someone is trying to get a more objective look at the Zig upgrade path, then it’s worth keeping in mind that the tradition in Zig is to offload all the work on the user.

The argument, which is frequently voiced, is that ”breaking things will make the language get better and so it’s good that there are language breaks”

It is certainly true that breaking changes are needed, but most people outside of the Zig community would expect it to be done with more care (deprecation paths etc)

Secondly, it should perhaps be a concern for Zig, now at 10 years old, to still produce solidly breaking code every half year.

10 years is the common point where languages go 1.0. However, the outlook for a Zig 1.0 is bleak from what I gather from Zig social forums: the most optimistic estimate I’ve heard is 2029 for 1.0.

This means that in the future, projects using Zig can still expect any libraries and applications to bitrot quickly if they are not constantly maintained.

Putting this in contrast with Odin (9 years old) which is essentially 1.0 already and has been stable for several years.

Maybe this also explains the difference in actual output. For example the number of games I know of written in Odin is somewhere between 5 to 10 times as many as Zig games. Now weighing in that Zig has maybe 5 or 10 times as many users, it means Odin users are somewhere between 20-100 times as likely to have written a playable game.

There are several explanations as to why this is: we could discuss whether the availability of SDL, Raylib etc is easier on Odin (then why is Zig less friendly?), maybe more Odin has better programmers (then why do better programmers choose Odin over Zig), maybe it’s just easier to write resource intensive applications with Odin than Zig (then what do we make of Zig’s claim of optimality?)

If we look past the excuses made for Zig (”it’s easy to fix breaks” ”it’s not 1.0”) and the hype (”Zig is much safer than C” ”Zig makes me so productive”) and compare with Odin in actual productivity, stability and compilation speed (neither C3 nor Odin requires 100s of GB of cache to compile in less than a second using LLVM) then Zig is not looking particularly good.

Even things like build.zig, often touted as a great thing, is making it really hard for a Zig beginner (”to build your first Hello World, first understand this build script in non-trivial Zig”). Then for IDEs, suddenly something like just reading the configuration of what is going to be used for building is hidden behind an opaque Zig script. These trade-offs are rarely talked about, as both criticism and hype is usually based on surface rather than depth.

Well, that’s long enough of a comment.

To round it off I’d like to end on a positive note: I find the Zig community nice and welcoming. So if you’re trying Zig out (and better do that, don’t let others’ opinions - including mine - prevent you from trying things out) do so.

If you want to evaluate Zig against competitors, I’d recommend comparing it to D, Odin, Jai and C3.

Type resolution redesign, with language changes to taste